Grote Stern (Thalasseus sandvicensis)

landenfilter

United Arab Emirates

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Xinjiang

#8849
Friedrichskoog
2022

ad.

#4887
Trischendamm / Dithmarschen, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
28.09.2019

	aantal	langste
handpen	10 per vleugel	229.5 - 240.0mm n=3 P₁₀ (100%)
armpen	21-22 per vleugel	89.5 - 99.5mm n=2 S₁₉ (50%) S₁₅ (50%)
staartpen	12	circa 147.5mm n=1 R₆ (100%)

wing length¹

hand-wing-index^1,2 (HWI)

primaries-index

wing length/longest primary ratio

hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio

274 - 314mm n=14

67 - 71% n=12

63 - 64% n=2

geen gegevens beschikbaar

detailed information

The wing length is measured on the flattened and straightened wing ("maximum chord") from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary feather, the so-called "Kleinschmidt-method".

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 274 - 314mm n=14

The hand-wing-index, introduced by Kipp 1959, is calculated as the ratio of the hand length (difference between the length of the longest primary and the first secondary) to the wing length.

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 67 - 71% n=12,

The primaries-index is calculated as the ratio of the longest primary feather length to the first (outermost) secondary. It is the equivalent of the hand-wing index for feather measurements.

The wing length/longest primary ratio is calculated as the ratio of the wing length to the length of the longest primary feather.

The hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio is calculated as the ratio of the hand-wing index to the primaries-index.

¹ Tobias, J. A., et al. (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds.
² Kipp, Friedrich A.: "Der Handflügel-Index als flugbiologisches Maß", erschienen in "Vogelwarte - Zeitschrift für Vogelkunde", 1959, Band 20, Heft 1

juv.

#2967
Insel Scharhörn
15.08.2002