Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

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2nd cy male

#2011

ad. male

#1698

juv. male

#10495
Jastarnia Województwo pomorskie, Poland
15.01.2022

Adulte Männchen besitzen schiefergraue Handschwingen mit beigegrauen, fein gefleckten Querbändern auf der Innenfahne. Die Außenfahne ist meist nur gräulich bereift. Die Zeichnung setzt sich auf den inneren Handschwingen und Armschwingen fort kann jedoch auch stark verlaufen, sodass auf der Innenfahne nur eine unregelmäßige helle Marmorierung zu erkennen ist. Die Steuerfedern sind mittelgrau, auf der Innenfahne leicht aufgehellt mit deutlichen dunkelgrauen bis schwarzen Querbändern und einer breiten dunklen Subterminalbinde, abgeschlossen durch eine helle, teils leicht cremefarbene Spitze.

Die Weibchen sind größer und bräunlicher. Die Steuerfedern besitzen eine dunkelbraune Grundfärbung mit beigebraunen Querbändern und einer hellen Spitze. Eine Subterminalbinde ist kaum zu erkennen.

Juvenile Vögel zeigen eine bräunlichere Grundfärbung im Großgefieder mit deutlicheren, stärker abgegrenzten Querbändern in einem cremefarbenen bis beigen Farbton.

	number	longest
primary	10 per wing	232.0 - 299.0mm n=7 P₉ (100%)
secondary	15 per wing	121.0 - 165.5mm n=9 S₁ (56%) S₂ (33%) S₁=S₂ (11%)
retrix	12	172.5 - 216.5mm n=6 R₄ (33%) R₅ (33%) R₁ (17%) R₄=R₅ (17%)

wing length¹

hand-wing-index^1,2 (HWI)

primaries-index

wing length/longest primary ratio

hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio

263 - 365mm n=18

40 - 58% n=16

39 - 50% n=7

no data available

detailed information

The wing length is measured on the flattened and straightened wing ("maximum chord") from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary feather, the so-called "Kleinschmidt-method".

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 263 - 365mm n=18

The hand-wing-index, introduced by Kipp 1959, is calculated as the ratio of the hand length (difference between the length of the longest primary and the first secondary) to the wing length.

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 40 - 58% n=16,

The primaries-index is calculated as the ratio of the longest primary feather length to the first (outermost) secondary. It is the equivalent of the hand-wing index for feather measurements.

The wing length/longest primary ratio is calculated as the ratio of the wing length to the length of the longest primary feather.

The hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio is calculated as the ratio of the hand-wing index to the primaries-index.

¹ Tobias, J. A., et al. (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds.
² Kipp, Friedrich A.: "Der Handflügel-Index als flugbiologisches Maß", erschienen in "Vogelwarte - Zeitschrift für Vogelkunde", 1959, Band 20, Heft 1

ad. male

#5781
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