Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita)

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#3752
Universitätsplatz, Magdeburg / Magdeburg Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
01.10.2018

1st cy

#3547
Dortmund
15.09.2011

ad.

#1656
Landkreis Mansfeld-Südharz / Seengebiet Mansfelder Land
05.05.2016

Der Zilpzalp und sein naher Verwandter der Fitis sind sich sehr ähnlich, können jedoch auch anhand des Gefieders unterschieden werden. Die Schwingen und Steuerfedern des Zilpzalp sind mittelgrau-braun gefärbt. Auf der Außenfahne der Hand- und Armschwingen findet sich eine blasse gelbgrüne Kontur. Diese ist auf den äußeren Handschwingen sehr schmal und stark abgegrenzt und wir proximal breiter und verschwommener. Der innere Flügel ist generell etwas heller als die äußeren Schwingen. Auf der Innenfahne findet sich ein weißbrauner Kontursaum. Auf der Außenfahne der Steuerfedern findet sich die gleiche gelbgrüne Kontur wie auf den Schwingen.

Im Vergleich zum Fitis besitzt der Zilpzalp einen etwas runderen Flügel. Die längste Handschwinge variiert stark. Der Flügel ist an der Spitze stärker gefingert. Dies äußert sich in einer Außenfahnenverengung der H5, welche beim Fitis fehlt. Meist ist die H5 länger als die H8. Durch den spitzeren Flügel des Fitis ist bei diesem die H5 meist kürzer als die H8.

	number	longest	smallest individual	biggest individual
primary	10 per wing	46.5 - 59.5mm n=37 P₆ (62%) P₆=P₅ (19%) P₅ (8%) P₇=P₆ (3%) P₇=P₆=P₅ (3%) P₅=P₆ (3%) P₅=P₆=P₇ (3%)	12023
secondary	9 per wing	41.5 - 49.5mm n=37 S₁ (65%) S₁=S₂ (32%) S₂ (3%)	2232	12029
retrix	12	48.0 - 58.5mm n=33 R₅ (24%) R₄=R₅ (18%) R₄ (12%) R₄=R₅=R₆ (9%) R₃=R₄=R₅ (9%) R₃=R₄ (6%) R₃=R₅ (6%) R₃ (6%) R₂=R₃ (3%) R₆ (3%) R₅=R₆ (3%)	2232	12029

wing length¹

hand-wing-index^1,2 (HWI)

primaries-index

wing length/longest primary ratio

hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio

54 - 64mm n=17

15 - 21% n=16

8 - 20% n=34

no data available

detailed information

The wing length is measured on the flattened and straightened wing ("maximum chord") from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary feather, the so-called "Kleinschmidt-method".

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 54 - 64mm n=17

The hand-wing-index, introduced by Kipp 1959, is calculated as the ratio of the hand length (difference between the length of the longest primary and the first secondary) to the wing length.

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 15 - 21% n=16,

The primaries-index is calculated as the ratio of the longest primary feather length to the first (outermost) secondary. It is the equivalent of the hand-wing index for feather measurements.

The wing length/longest primary ratio is calculated as the ratio of the wing length to the length of the longest primary feather.

The hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio is calculated as the ratio of the hand-wing index to the primaries-index.

¹ Tobias, J. A., et al. (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds.
² Kipp, Friedrich A.: "Der Handflügel-Index als flugbiologisches Maß", erschienen in "Vogelwarte - Zeitschrift für Vogelkunde", 1959, Band 20, Heft 1

#12521