Northern House-Martin (Delichon urbicum)

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juv.

#2906
Rue de Saidia Morocco
22.05.2013

ad. female

#10659
Wyszecino Województwo pomorskie, Poland
10.07.2019

#10658
Warcino Województwo pomorskie, Poland
10.05.2018

juv.

#10657
Luzino Województwo pomorskie, Poland

	number	longest	smallest individual	biggest individual
primary	10 per wing	87.0 - 97.5mm n=14 P₈ (64%) P₉ (29%) P₇ (7%)	10657	12354
secondary	9 per wing	44.5 - 48.0mm n=12 S₁ (100%)	1863	38
retrix	12	61.0 - 71.0mm n=13 R₆ (100%)	1863	12354

wing length¹

hand-wing-index^1,2 (HWI)

primaries-index

wing length/longest primary ratio

hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio

88 - 116mm n=34

51 - 57% n=32

47 - 52% n=12

⌀115%

no data available

detailed information

The wing length is measured on the flattened and straightened wing ("maximum chord") from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary feather, the so-called "Kleinschmidt-method".

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 88 - 116mm n=33
Featherbase: 110 - 110mm n=1

The hand-wing-index, introduced by Kipp 1959, is calculated as the ratio of the hand length (difference between the length of the longest primary and the first secondary) to the wing length.

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 51 - 57% n=32,

The primaries-index is calculated as the ratio of the longest primary feather length to the first (outermost) secondary. It is the equivalent of the hand-wing index for feather measurements.

The wing length/longest primary ratio is calculated as the ratio of the wing length to the length of the longest primary feather.

The hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio is calculated as the ratio of the hand-wing index to the primaries-index.

¹ Tobias, J. A., et al. (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds.
² Kipp, Friedrich A.: "Der Handflügel-Index als flugbiologisches Maß", erschienen in "Vogelwarte - Zeitschrift für Vogelkunde", 1959, Band 20, Heft 1

ad.

#2260
Niederlande