Water Rail (Rallus aquaticus)

ország szűrő

United Arab Emirates

Afghanistan

Albania

Armenia

Angola

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bangladesh

Burkina Faso

Bulgaria

Bahrain

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Sicilia

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Xinjiang

1. napt. év nőstény

#1958
Großsteinbach Steiermark, Austria
07.09.1991

#2680
Aurich, Niedersachsen, Germany
31.10.2017

	száma	leghosszabb	legkisebb egyed	legnagyobb egyed
elsődleges	10 szárnyanként	93.0 - 100.5mm n=11 E₈ (36%) E₆ (27%) E₇=E₆ (9%) E₈=E₇ (9%) E₉=E₈ (9%) E₉=E₈=E₇ (9%)	8566
másodlagos	14 szárnyanként	81.0 - 96.5mm n=9 M₉ (56%) M₈ (33%) M₁₀ (11%)	4754	10051
repülés	12	58.0 - 64.5mm n=6 R₂ (33%) R₁ (33%) R₃=R₄ (17%) R₁=R₂ (17%)	1958

wing length¹

hand-wing-index^1,2 (HWI)

primaries-index

wing length/longest primary ratio

hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio

106 - 121mm n=13

25 - 36% n=13

14 - 20% n=11

nincs elérhető adat

detailed information

The wing length is measured on the flattened and straightened wing ("maximum chord") from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary feather, the so-called "Kleinschmidt-method".

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 106 - 121mm n=13

The hand-wing-index, introduced by Kipp 1959, is calculated as the ratio of the hand length (difference between the length of the longest primary and the first secondary) to the wing length.

combined data from:
Avonet¹: 25 - 36% n=13,

The primaries-index is calculated as the ratio of the longest primary feather length to the first (outermost) secondary. It is the equivalent of the hand-wing index for feather measurements.

The wing length/longest primary ratio is calculated as the ratio of the wing length to the length of the longest primary feather.

The hand-wing-index/primaries-index ratio is calculated as the ratio of the hand-wing index to the primaries-index.

¹ Tobias, J. A., et al. (2022). AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds.
² Kipp, Friedrich A.: "Der Handflügel-Index als flugbiologisches Maß", erschienen in "Vogelwarte - Zeitschrift für Vogelkunde", 1959, Band 20, Heft 1